Protein overload and kidneys: The silent strain you didn't see coming

Over the last decade, high-protein diets have become extremely popular among health buffs and those hoping for rapid weight loss. Although protein is crucial for repair of muscle tissue, hormone production, and general cell health, overconsumption has unforeseen consequences. Perhaps the most dire health-related issue associated with protein overabundance is its possible effect on kidney function—a complication that is usually not considered in the quest for physical fitness.

Learning about the role of the kidneys
The kidneys play a vital function in the excretion of waste products, including those that arise from the metabolism of protein such as urea and creatinine. When protein intake is extremely high, the kidneys will have to work harder to eliminate these waste by-products. Over the long term, this added work will injure the kidneys, particularly in individuals with chronic kidney disease or even just those at risk for kidney disease.

The hidden risks of overconsumption of protein
While healthy persons can tolerate high protein in high quantities for a short duration, long-term over ingestion may not be good. Scientific evidence suggests that diets rich in high animal proteins and red meat can increase glomerular pressure—leading to a state of hyperfiltration. It forces the kidneys to filter more blood than normal, which, over time, might be a reason for injury or impaired efficiency in eliminating wastes.

In addition, excessive protein intake disrupts the body's acid-base balance. Metabolism of sulfur amino acids yields acid which has to be neutralized by the kidneys and excreted. Chronic exposure to such an acid load may lead to a gradual decline in kidney function , particularly in older people.

Balancing protein intake wisely
Maintaining a balanced diet that can provide but not exceed the demands of the body for proteins is essential to sustain good kidney health in the long run. The Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA) for protein is about 0.8 grams of protein per kilogram of body weight for the average adult. Those who are more or even athletes use more but even they may do so after consulting medical professionals with an increase in protein consumption as a possible measure.

Protein is surely needed by the body, yet better is not always more. Too much protein, especially without a doctor's counsel, is a silent danger to the health of kidneys. Cautiousness and knowledge are the norm. By being educated about the dangers and being mindful of their eating, individuals can fuel both their athletic performance and overall kidney health.

Dr.Bhanu Mishra, Consultant-Nephrologist, BLK Max Hospital,New Delhi